Parents, when leaving their child in kindergarten, must be sure that they are leaving him in a safe, hygienic environment.
Kids learn hygiene rules gradually, and the consolidation of relevant skills occurs throughout the entire period of preschool childhood.
With the help of a teacher, in a playful way, children learn what helps maintain and strengthen their health.
From the younger group, children gain knowledge about the purpose of toilet items, how to wash your face properly, wash your hands, learn to be neat and tidy. Subsequently, through repeated repetitions of a certain sequence of actions, this knowledge is consolidated, moving to the level of skills. This is achieved using visual, gaming, verbal and practical methods.
The daily routine of the kindergarten promotes the daily repetition of hygiene procedures, the formation and consolidation of cultural skills.
What do children learn in kindergarten?
1 . Proper hand washing:
- before eating
- after visiting the toilet
- after a walk
- after using a handkerchief
- whenever you notice dirt on your hands
The child is explained that before the procedure begins, it is necessary to roll up his sleeves so that they do not get wet; they are shown how to properly soap their hands and what towel to dry with.
Every child has individual towel, which is changed according to a schedule or as it gets dirty. While washing, the teacher can say, for example, the following: “Hands are clean, washed, all germs have been removed.” Often information posters are placed in the washroom that remind the child of the sequence of hygiene actions.
2 . Rinse your mouth after eating. This helps prevent tooth disease and decay. The teacher shows how to rinse your mouth and suggests.
3 . Use a handkerchief and cover your mouth with your hand when sneezing or coughing.
4 . Use a comb. Each child has his own comb, they explain to him that he cannot use someone else’s comb and why.
5 . Wash your face and wash your feet after a walk in the summer.
So, gradually, children's hygiene becomes a skill and is placed under the control of the children themselves. The older the child, the more independence he has, but the teacher’s task remains to ensure that all the rules are followed, to remind him if he has forgotten something, to prompt him, and to correct him at the right time.
It is worth noting that Teaching children about personal hygiene is not an easy task. and adults must show maximum sensitivity so that the assimilation of the rules goes easily and does not cause negative feelings. Then the child will automatically use the acquired skills in his life.
REMINDER FOR PARENTS
Hygiene of preschool children
Teaching preschoolers hygiene is a task not only for educators, but also for parents, so it is advisable to ensure full coordination of the requirements of the preschool educational institution and the child’s family. It is important to develop general criteria for evaluating individual actions, both in the garden and at home, to clearly determine the location of things, toys, and the order of their cleaning and storage.
For children, constancy of conditions, knowledge of the purpose and place of every thing he needs during the day are of particular importance. Preschoolers need to be given basic knowledge about the rational rules of personal hygiene for children, reveal their meaning for everyone and for those around them, and cultivate an appropriate attitude towards hygiene procedures.
When mastering a skill, a child usually strives to perform a certain movement repeatedly. Gradually, he learns to cope more and more independently and quickly with the task at hand. The adult only reminds or asks if the child has forgotten to do this or that task, and then provides him with greater independence. But it is necessary to check whether the child has completed everything correctly throughout preschool age.
Daily regime ensures daily repetition of hygiene procedures at the same time, which contributes to the gradual formation of skills and habits of a culture of behavior and personal hygiene. The daily routine accustoms the child’s body to a certain rhythm, provides a change in activity, protecting the children’s nervous system from overwork.
Washing – the first stage of hygiene for preschoolers. Children should be comfortable and pleasant to wash themselves. If children have to raise their hands high when washing, water may flow into the sleeves. The size of the bar of soap should be such that the child can easily grasp it with his hand. The water should be at room temperature. The child needs to be explained that according to the rules of hygiene for children, sleeves should be rolled up before washing hands. It is also necessary to show how to properly soap and wash your hands and face, and how to dry yourself after washing. You should not rush your baby if he is concentrating on repeating the same action (for example, washing his hands). Moreover, you should not perform this action for him. Make sure that children wash themselves thoroughly and dry themselves with their own towel. The length of children's towels should not exceed 100 cm.
Oral hygiene in preschool children.
To prevent disease and tooth decay, children should be taught to rinse their mouths with warm water after lunch. For young children, this is difficult at first, but by repeating the necessary movements, they gradually get used to rinsing their mouths correctly. From the age of 3-4, children should be taught to brush their teeth correctly, performing the necessary oral hygiene for preschoolers: upper teeth - from top to bottom, lower teeth - from bottom to top from the outside and inside. It is recommended to gradually accustom children to solid food; chewing it increases the work of the jaw muscles. But children should not chew nuts - they can damage their teeth. Children should be shown to the dentist at least twice a year.
Using a handkerchief is the basis of child hygiene
.
The child should always have a clean handkerchief in his pocket. From the very beginning of the second year of life, you can accustom your child to wearing a headscarf. If you regularly wipe your baby's dirty nose, then after two years he will ask for it himself. If you have a runny nose, you should not force your child to blow his nose frequently: the inflamed mucous membrane from frequent nose blowing becomes even more irritated.
Unpleasant sudden movements of adults during teaching hygiene skills, which cause pain in the child, are the main reason for the reluctance and even resistance of children to become familiar with hygiene.
Hair and nail hygiene in children.
Dust accumulates in the hair, mixing with sebum, it settles on the skin, which creates favorable conditions for the development of pathogenic microbes. Therefore, preschool children need to cut their hair, wash it more often, comb it at least twice a day, performing the necessary hygiene for children. Girls who have long hair can tie it in small bows or braid it. At home, the baby should have his own comb. Combs are washed weekly with a brush and soap.
Young children are not able to take care of their nails themselves. They are cut by adults.
It is necessary to monitor the cleanliness and tidiness of the baby’s clothes and shoes. Already in the third year of life, this should become a matter of concern for the baby himself. Even if he is not yet able to notice the mess in his clothes or shoes, he should get used to eliminating it - on his own or with the help of adults. If your shirt or dress gets dirty, you need to bring clean ones and help you change; if your shoes get wet, you need to change your shoes. If a button comes undone, you should ask the child to button it.
If you draw your child's attention to untidiness from an early age, after a while he will begin to feel the need for cleanliness and will experience a kind of inconvenience until he puts himself in order - on his own or with the help of an adult. It is not difficult to instill in your child the habit of being clean and tidy. The main thing is to do it consistently. You also need to remember that in preschool age children are especially prone to imitation, so the personal example of adults plays a large role in the formation of skills.
The hygiene of preschool children is a science that studies external factors affecting the child’s body. Personal hygiene of preschool children requires compliance with basic and primary measures to create the necessary conditions for preserving the child’s health. The main task of creating the right regime for a child is healthy sleep, timely meals and necessary rest during lunch and night time. If the necessary regime is not followed, you may notice the child’s poor health, lethargy, fatigue, and subsequently psychological illnesses.
Hygiene of preschool children - Rules of personal hygiene for children
You should also wash your hands after leaving the toilet. This is a mandatory condition for personal hygiene not only for children. If you have pets in your home, make sure your child also washes their hands after touching them. It is also very important to know how to wash your hands properly. Teach your child not to just rinse them without using soap, explain that you need to take soap, wash your hands, and then wipe them dry with a paper towel. Your baby most likely attends kindergarten. These same rules need to be explained to the child so that in public places the child does not forget to follow the rules of hygiene.Personal hygiene rules for children must be observed at a certain age of the baby. In the first years of your baby's life you should ensure that your child falls asleep every two hours. A child should be awake on average from five to seven hours a day. At a later age, spend less time on your baby's sleep. As your child gets a little older, make sure your child washes their hands every hour. Otherwise, there is a chance of contracting a very serious disease.
Explain to your child that it is extremely undesirable to frequently touch your nose with your hands and that you should not scratch your eyes with dirty hands. Thus, bacteria enter the mucous membrane of the nose and eyes and cause further development of the disease. Make sure you always have a handkerchief in your child's jacket pocket. This way, when the baby sneezes or coughs, he will cover his mouth and the infection will not spread further through the air. Naturally, Doctors say that the best way of personal hygiene for a child is frequent hand washing. This is the best way to prevent infection from entering.
Personal hygiene rules for preschool children in pictures:
The key to a child’s health is considered timely trimming of nails. You must provide your child with individual personal care items. The baby must have his own towel, toothbrush, soap, comb. Teach your child to take a shower on his own; at first, of course, it will be a very small stream of water, but this is only in the first attempts. teach your baby to take care of himself, without outside help. Keep the water pressure low, as your child may get scared and this will become the biggest fear for the child in future years. Choose a shampoo for your baby that doesn’t cause tears.. Buy your child a robe. Individual slippers and washcloths are required. Give your baby a brightly colored towel. This will make it more enjoyable for your child to use and he will get used to it faster.Keep an eye on your child’s health, because hygiene rules must be followed by everyone, from small to large.
To kid you don’t just need to soap your hands and rinse, you need to wash your hands for a minute, then rinse, only in this case it will be beneficial. Teach your child to brush their teeth correctly. This should be taught to a child at the age of two years. Explain to your child that the brush must be washed before and after brushing their teeth. Explain to your child that his teeth need to be brushed twice a day, after he has eaten, because the remaining food eats away his milk teeth, which leads to the formation of caries. If your child decides to have a snack somewhere, tell him to at least rinse his mouth. Teach your baby to comb his hair, because this is also a hygienic norm for every person.
Cleanliness is a quality that should be instilled from childhood. The mother’s task is to tell her daughter about the rules of personal hygiene. Sexual hygiene of girls from birth to adolescence is the key to the health of a growing woman and her reproductive system.
The rules of intimate hygiene for girls, young women, and women are approximately the same. The only difference is that from adolescence the need for intimate care increases.
Intimate hygiene for teenage girls
1. For teenage girls who do not menstruate, washing the external genitalia with running water should be done at least 1-2 times a day. It is better to wash in the shower. First, the external genitalia are washed, then the skin of the thighs, and lastly the anus area. Linen must be changed daily.
2. For girls, young women, and women, it is important to properly wash their genitals. This procedure is performed with clean hands using movements from top to bottom. This is done in order to avoid the introduction of possible pathogenic bacteria.
3. For intimate hygiene, each girl should have her own baby towel. After you have completed the intimate hygiene procedure, it is important not to wipe away the moisture with force, but simply blot it.
4. For intimate hygiene, you should use special products. The genital organs have a very delicate mucous membrane with an acidic environment, so alkaline soaps and shower gels can easily cope with its destruction.
5. It is necessary to use only special intimate hygiene products, which are available in a wide variety in pharmacies. Such products are pH-neutral, they will not cause you an unpleasant feeling of discomfort after the “procedure”.
6. You should not use sponges or washcloths for intimate hygiene, they will damage and cover the delicate surface of the genitals with micro-scratches. The water for washing must be warm. Neither hot nor cold water is acceptable in this case.
7. Personal intimate hygiene during menstruation should be especially careful. The genitals should be cleaned 2-3 times a day. But excessively frequent intimate hygiene procedures can cause harm by disturbing the microflora of the mucous membrane, so it is better to stick to the golden mean. The most common product used by teenagers during menstruation is pads. During critical days, pads should be replaced with new ones as they are filled, but at least every 4 hours during the day.
8. Girls are not recommended to wear panty liners before puberty. The discharge is still very scanty, so the use of pads is not advisable.
9. Douching should not be done to achieve maximum cleanliness. Any procedures of this nature must be prescribed by a doctor.
10. Cotton underwear should always be clean and changed daily.
According to gynecological specialists, the intimate hygiene of girls from birth to adulthood needs to be systematic. Inappropriate sexual hygiene can cause many gynecological diseases.
Prepared by Maryana Chornovil
Child personal hygiene. Adviсe parents
Personal hygiene important for any of us. After all, thanks to it, a person maintains and strengthens his health. Parents from birth we were taught to hygiene, and it is our duty to teach personal hygiene of our children.
Conditionally personal hygiene rules the child can be divided into groups:
body hygiene
hair hygiene
oral hygiene
hygiene of linen and clothing
bed hygiene
Body hygiene
Body hygiene is the basis of a child’s personal hygiene. Many children love to splash in the water, and the bathing procedure brings them a lot of pleasure. But children must understand that the bathroom is needed, first of all, for washing. Teach your child to wash their legs, arms, stomach and other parts of the body themselves.
Every evening the child should take a shower using baby gels or soap. In addition, teach your child to wash their hands before eating, after walking and using the toilet.
The child must have his own towel, the cleanliness of which must be monitored parents. You should change your towel at least once a week.
Advice: To make the washing process more interesting for your baby, buy a small baby washcloth, soap in the form of a toy or gel in bright children's packaging.
Hair hygiene
Correct hair and scalp care is a very important part personal hygiene of the child. Clean, well-groomed hair will make your baby's appearance neat.
A child should wash his hair no more than once every three days, except for unexpected contamination. Be sure to give your child a separate comb. Visit your hairdresser more often.
Advice: To prevent washing your hair from becoming a hateful procedure, use only baby shampoos that do not sting your eyes. Let the child set the water temperature that is comfortable for himself.
Oral hygiene
Many children have problems with oral care. It is difficult to teach a child every day and brush your teeth properly. It should not be forgotten that, thanks to oral hygiene, we keep teeth in good condition. This will prevent a number of dangerous diseases.
You need to brush your teeth twice a day day: in the morning and in the evening. The child must have his own personal brush, which must be changed at least once every two months. Buy your baby a special toothpaste for children that is appropriate for his age.
Advice: Up to a certain age, it is better for babies to brush their teeth at the same time as mom or dad. Thus, parents It will be easier to control the children, and for the children to learn. To make brushing your teeth more fun, you can download apps for your smartphone. Once every six months, for preventive purposes, be sure to visit a pediatric dentist.
Hygiene of linen and clothing
An important role in personal hygiene The child plays taking care of linen and clothes. After all, it is clothing that protects the child’s body from dirt, damage and insects.
Underwear that comes into contact with the body should be changed every day. Wash baby's clothes recommended exclusively baby powders.
The purchased clothes and shoes for the baby must be of the appropriate size, and, preferably, made from natural fabrics and materials.
Advice: never put someone else’s clothes and shoes on your child - this is unhygienic.
Bed hygiene
After an active day, the child should have a sound and healthy sleep. It is ideal when the baby has his own crib with an orthopedic mattress. Pets, if you have them, should not have access to the child's sleeping area.
In summer, when it’s hot, bed linen should be changed once a week, in winter - less often - once every two weeks.
Advice: To make your baby's sleep sounder and more comfortable, ventilate the room in which he sleeps before going to bed.
Parents must be aware how important personal hygiene of the child. It is their direct responsibility to monitor the cleanliness of cutlery, toilets and bathrooms.
Every family has its own personal hygiene rules, but in general they are similar, and they need to be taught from childhood. In this way, you will instill neatness in your children and protect them from many diseases!
Publications on the topic:
Summary of the organization of direct educational activities in the middle group “Rules of Personal Hygiene” Summary of the organization of direct educational activities in the middle group, topic: “Rules of personal hygiene” GCD goals: 1. Continue.
